Indian Educators
- Who introduced the Widow Remarriage Act in India?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
C. Swami Vivekananda
D. Raja Rammohan Roy
Answer: B - Which aspect of education did Swami Vivekananda emphasize the most?
A. Westernization
B. Religious Conversion
C. Man-making Education
D. Memorization Skills
Answer: C - According to Rabindranath Tagore, the aim of education is:
A. Professional excellence
B. Intellectual achievement
C. Freedom and creative self-expression
D. Military training
Answer: C - Mahatma Gandhi’s educational philosophy is popularly known as:
A. Vedic Education
B. Nai Talim
C. New Education Policy
D. Pragmatism
Answer: B - Which educational institution was founded by Rabindranath Tagore?
A. Presidency College
B. Shantiniketan
C. Serampore College
D. Hindu College
Answer: B - Gandhiji emphasized education through:
A. Religious preaching
B. English Literature
C. Craft-centred curriculum
D. Rote learning
Answer: C - Who said, “Education is the manifestation of perfection already in man”?
A. Gandhi
B. Rabindranath Tagore
C. Swami Vivekananda
D. Vidyasagar
Answer: C - Which subject did Vidyasagar reform significantly in the Bengal education system?
A. History
B. Mathematics
C. Bengali Language
D. Sanskrit Literature
Answer: D - Rabindranath Tagore opposed formal schooling because:
A. It was based on corporal punishment
B. It hindered creativity
C. It was religious in nature
D. It used foreign languages
Answer: B - Swami Vivekananda believed that the role of a teacher is to:
A. Act as an authority figure
B. Teach English only
C. Inspire and awaken inner power
D. Promote rote learning
Answer: C - Who promoted women’s education in 19th-century Bengal?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Swami Vivekananda
D. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Answer: D - Tagore’s philosophy of education emphasized:
A. Nationalism
B. Industrialism
C. Naturalism and Humanism
D. Authoritarianism
Answer: C - Gandhiji’s education was based on which principle?
A. Knowledge for knowledge’s sake
B. Education for exam success
C. Work and self-reliance
D. Teaching in foreign languages
Answer: C - In the context of Gandhi’s Basic Education, which element is central?
A. Agriculture
B. Handicraft
C. Science and Technology
D. Literature
Answer: B - Which educator supported ‘learning by doing’ in Indian context?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Swami Vivekananda
C. Mahatma Gandhi
D. Vidyasagar
Answer: C
Western Educators
- Who authored the book “Emile”?
A. John Dewey
B. Rousseau
C. Pestalozzi
D. Froebel
Answer: B - Which of the following educators is associated with the Kindergarten system?
A. Rousseau
B. Froebel
C. Dewey
D. Pestalozzi
Answer: B - According to Rousseau, education should be in harmony with:
A. Social norms
B. Nature
C. Religious texts
D. Industrial needs
Answer: B - Which educator emphasized “learning by doing”?
A. Pestalozzi
B. Rousseau
C. Froebel
D. Dewey
Answer: D - Who said “Education is the development of all the innate powers of the child”?
A. Froebel
B. Dewey
C. Rousseau
D. Pestalozzi
Answer: A - Dewey’s philosophy is known as:
A. Realism
B. Idealism
C. Pragmatism
D. Naturalism
Answer: C - Pestalozzi focused on which approach to education?
A. Intellectualism
B. Sense perception
C. Mechanization
D. Industrial training
Answer: B - Rousseau’s philosophy emphasizes which stage of development most?
A. Early adulthood
B. Infancy
C. Childhood
D. Old age
Answer: C - Froebel believed that education should:
A. Be industrial
B. Ignore play
C. Include play and creativity
D. Focus only on writing skills
Answer: C - Dewey’s view on discipline was:
A. Strict punishment
B. Military style
C. Self-discipline through social interaction
D. Corporal punishment
Answer: C
Indian Educators
- Which principle was central to Rabindranath Tagore’s educational practice?
A. Examination and competition
B. Free and open environment in nature
C. Rigid classroom instruction
D. Vocational training
Answer: B - Swami Vivekananda emphasized the importance of which type of education?
A. Religious and ritualistic
B. Intellectual and spiritual
C. Physical only
D. Commercial and technical
Answer: B - Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar’s contributions in education focused mainly on:
A. Engineering colleges
B. Sanskrit education reform and women’s education
C. Military training
D. Medical education
Answer: B - Gandhiji’s Basic Education promotes the idea that:
A. Education should be funded by the government
B. Education must be free of any manual labour
C. Productive work should be central to learning
D. Exams are the only means of assessing students
Answer: C - According to Swami Vivekananda, the real education is that which:
A. Helps pass government exams
B. Makes one a good speaker
C. Builds character and develops strength
D. Encourages mechanical repetition
Answer: C - The motto of Visva-Bharati University founded by Tagore is:
A. “Truth Alone Triumphs”
B. “Where the mind is without fear”
C. “Yatra Visvam Bhavatyekanidam”
D. “Education for all”
Answer: C - Which educator’s thoughts are reflected in the poem “Where the Mind is Without Fear”?
A. Gandhi
B. Vidyasagar
C. Vivekananda
D. Rabindranath Tagore
Answer: D - What did Gandhiji consider the best medium of instruction?
A. English
B. Hindi
C. Mother tongue
D. Sanskrit
Answer: C - Which Indian educator’s philosophy closely aligns with Rousseau’s Naturalism?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
C. Gandhi
D. Vivekananda
Answer: A - Which of the following is not an aspect of Tagore’s educational philosophy?
A. Education in harmony with nature
B. Emphasis on music and arts
C. Industrialization
D. Freedom of thought
Answer: C
Western Educators
- Froebel introduced which of the following as a fundamental method in education?
A. Debate
B. Group discussion
C. Play and activity
D. Rote memorization
Answer: C - According to Rousseau, who is the best teacher for a child?
A. Society
B. Books
C. Nature
D. Government
Answer: C - Pestalozzi’s theory was mainly focused on:
A. Rigid discipline
B. Sensory training and love
C. Technical training
D. Religious orthodoxy
Answer: B - Froebel believed that the main aim of education is to:
A. Impose knowledge
B. Punish students
C. Promote free self-expression
D. Enforce rules
Answer: C - John Dewey was a pioneer of which educational movement?
A. Behaviorism
B. Progressivism
C. Classical Realism
D. Essentialism
Answer: B - What is Rousseau’s view of the child?
A. A blank slate
B. A miniature adult
C. A noble savage
D. A product of society
Answer: C - Which Western educator emphasized the importance of “social efficiency” in education?
A. Froebel
B. Dewey
C. Rousseau
D. Pestalozzi
Answer: B - “Education must start from the concrete and proceed to the abstract” was the belief of:
A. Pestalozzi
B. Dewey
C. Froebel
D. Rousseau
Answer: A - Which educator gave the concept of ‘learning through occupations’?
A. Froebel
B. Dewey
C. Pestalozzi
D. Rousseau
Answer: B - Froebel’s educational ideas are mainly applied at which level?
A. College level
B. Secondary level
C. Primary and pre-primary level
D. Higher education
Answer: C - Dewey regarded education as a process of:
A. Preparation for future life
B. Transferring knowledge
C. Growth and continuous reconstruction of experience
D. Moral indoctrination
Answer: C - Which of the following is most associated with ‘Activity Method’ in education?
A. Rousseau
B. Pestalozzi
C. Dewey
D. Froebel
Answer: C - Pestalozzi believed in developing:
A. Head, Heart, and Hand
B. Brain and Bones
C. Discipline only
D. Industrial skills
Answer: A - Which of the following statements best reflects Froebel’s philosophy?
A. The child is to be drilled for society
B. The child is inherently evil
C. The child is a plant that must be nurtured
D. The child must be confined to books
Answer: C - Which philosopher’s educational ideals laid the foundation for child-centered education?
A. Rousseau
B. Locke
C. Comenius
D. Spencer
Answer: A
Indian Educators
- What was the key objective of Vidyasagar’s educational reforms?
A. To promote English education only
B. To promote moral values through stories
C. To spread education among women and backward classes
D. To introduce technical education in Bengal
Answer: C - According to Swami Vivekananda, education should aim at:
A. Industrial development
B. Memorization of scriptures
C. Character-building and spiritual development
D. Political awareness
Answer: C - Rabindranath Tagore considered the teacher as a:
A. Disciplinarian
B. Friend and guide
C. Taskmaster
D. Religious preacher
Answer: B - Gandhiji included manual labour in education to:
A. Keep children busy
B. Make them tired
C. Develop dignity of labour and self-reliance
D. Avoid classroom teaching
Answer: C - Which Indian educator believed that ‘Education is the process of self-realization’?
A. Mahatma Gandhi
B. Rabindranath Tagore
C. Swami Vivekananda
D. Vidyasagar
Answer: C - Tagore’s ideal school was built in:
A. A royal palace
B. A rural environment close to nature
C. A concrete urban campus
D. A forest with no teachers
Answer: B - Who among the following emphasized the concept of ‘man-making education’?
A. Tagore
B. Gandhi
C. Vidyasagar
D. Vivekananda
Answer: D - Which method of teaching was preferred by Tagore?
A. Drill and practice
B. Lecture method
C. Creative and experiential learning
D. Examination-oriented learning
Answer: C - According to Gandhi, the foundation of Basic Education must be:
A. Economics
B. Book learning
C. Handicraft work
D. Technology
Answer: C - Which of the following institutions was established by Mahatma Gandhi?
A. Visva-Bharati
B. Wardha Ashram
C. Presidency College
D. Bethune School
Answer: B - The educational ideas of Tagore emphasized learning through:
A. Uniform curriculum
B. Nature, music, and art
C. Political debates
D. Religious rituals
Answer: B - Which Indian educator’s philosophy reflects elements of naturalism and idealism together?
A. Gandhi
B. Vivekananda
C. Tagore
D. Vidyasagar
Answer: C - Vidyasagar was against which social evil that affected education?
A. Manual labour
B. Child education
C. Child marriage
D. Use of Bengali in schools
Answer: C - Vivekananda believed education should:
A. Focus only on religion
B. Be free of spiritual content
C. Integrate Western and Indian values
D. Abandon physical development
Answer: C - Rabindranath Tagore believed that education should bring harmony between:
A. Student and teacher
B. Country and foreign rule
C. Man and nature
D. Past and present
Answer: C
Western Educators
- According to Rousseau, the aim of education is:
A. To prepare citizens for war
B. To preserve social order
C. To create free and natural individuals
D. To impart religious doctrine
Answer: C - Dewey viewed the school as a:
A. Discipline factory
B. Social institution for democratic living
C. Religious centre
D. Factory for industrial labor
Answer: B - Froebel’s Kindergarten approach is rooted in:
A. Logical thinking
B. Free play and guided creativity
C. Harsh discipline
D. Technical education
Answer: B - Who emphasized ‘education according to nature’?
A. Dewey
B. Froebel
C. Rousseau
D. Pestalozzi
Answer: C - Pestalozzi’s educational method emphasized the development of:
A. Memory skills
B. Intellectual debate
C. Head, heart, and hand
D. Competitive spirit
Answer: C - Rousseau suggested education should be:
A. Teacher-directed and strict
B. Based on fear and punishment
C. Child-centered and natural
D. Religious and formal
Answer: C - Froebel’s gifts are educational tools used in:
A. Technical training
B. Moral education
C. Kindergarten education
D. College education
Answer: C - Dewey believed that the curriculum should be:
A. Fixed and memorized
B. Standardized for all
C. Flexible and based on child’s interest
D. Based only on textbooks
Answer: C - Which educator introduced the concept of “project method”?
A. Rousseau
B. Pestalozzi
C. Kilpatrick, influenced by Dewey
D. Froebel
Answer: C - What did Pestalozzi consider essential in a teacher?
A. Authority and power
B. Knowledge and love for children
C. Fear-inducing discipline
D. Formal dress and status
Answer: B
Indian Educators
- Which method was used by Gandhi to integrate moral values in education?
A. Textbook-based learning
B. Military training
C. Work-centred education
D. Examinations and grading
Answer: C - Vidyasagar’s advocacy of widow remarriage was significant in:
A. Developing a female moral code
B. Reforming orthodox Hindu society
C. Promoting Vedic rituals
D. Rejecting modern education
Answer: B - Swami Vivekananda’s philosophy blends:
A. Buddhism and Islam
B. Western materialism and Indian spirituality
C. Indian mythology and Greek philosophy
D. Capitalism and democracy
Answer: B - Tagore’s school curriculum gave high importance to:
A. Commerce and Business Studies
B. Drill and Discipline
C. Music, Art, and Nature
D. Formal Rote Learning
Answer: C - In Gandhi’s view, the ideal school should be:
A. Free of craft
B. Focused on examinations
C. Self-sufficient through productive work
D. Government funded only
Answer: C - Rabindranath Tagore was influenced by which educationalist from abroad?
A. Johann Comenius
B. Maria Montessori
C. Rousseau
D. Froebel
Answer: C - Vivekananda believed that real education must develop:
A. Competitive spirit only
B. Intellectual detachment
C. Physical strength, moral courage, and spiritual wisdom
D. Knowledge for employment only
Answer: C - Which one of the following institutions was most inspired by Tagore’s ideas?
A. Hindu College
B. Aligarh Muslim University
C. Visva-Bharati
D. Fort William College
Answer: C - The Wardha Scheme of Education was based on the ideas of:
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
D. Vivekananda
Answer: B - In Gandhiji’s educational scheme, education and production are:
A. Unrelated
B. Separate but equal
C. Integrated
D. Conflicting
Answer: C
Western Educators
- Froebel’s concept of Kindergarten emphasizes:
A. Harsh training
B. Abstract concepts
C. Learning through play and creative expression
D. Political instruction
Answer: C - Which educator emphasized that the curriculum should grow from the child’s experience?
A. Pestalozzi
B. Dewey
C. Froebel
D. Rousseau
Answer: B - Rousseau believed that society:
A. Should educate the child
B. Corrupts the natural goodness of man
C. Is a great moral force
D. Should enforce discipline
Answer: B - Pestalozzi’s ‘object lesson’ involved:
A. Memorization
B. Use of real objects in teaching
C. Religious instruction
D. Oral recitation
Answer: B - Which of the following best describes Dewey’s method of education?
A. Dogmatic and rigid
B. Authoritarian and teacher-centred
C. Experimental and interactive
D. Strict and routine-based
Answer: C - Froebel’s main contribution to education is in the field of:
A. Adult education
B. Vocational education
C. Pre-primary education
D. Secondary education
Answer: C - Pestalozzi laid emphasis on:
A. Learning by memorizing rules
B. Fear-based learning
C. Learning by head, heart, and hand
D. Military training in schools
Answer: C - Rousseau’s naturalism believed that:
A. Children are born sinful
B. Education must be religious
C. Children are inherently good
D. Knowledge comes only through books
Answer: C - Who believed that play is the highest phase of child development?
A. Dewey
B. Rousseau
C. Froebel
D. Pestalozzi
Answer: C - Which of the following is a core principle of John Dewey’s philosophy?
A. Learning by doing
B. Learning by preaching
C. Learning by repetition
D. Learning by fear
Answer: A - Froebel considered the role of teacher to be that of a:
A. Drill master
B. Disciplinarian
C. Gardener helping the plant (child) grow
D. Moral judge
Answer: C - Which of the following best reflects Rousseau’s concept of education?
A. Education should be controlled by the church
B. Education should align with nature and child’s growth
C. Discipline is the key to learning
D. Knowledge is transferred from books only
Answer: B - According to Dewey, knowledge is gained through:
A. Authoritative teaching
B. Personal experience and experimentation
C. Memorizing textbooks
D. Mechanical drills
Answer: B - Froebel’s system of gifts and occupations were designed to:
A. Keep children disciplined
B. Encourage obedience
C. Develop coordination, creativity, and sensory awareness
D. Prepare children for the army
Answer: C - The educator who believed that a child’s instincts are the foundation for education is:
A. Rousseau
B. Pestalozzi
C. Froebel
D. Dewey
Answer: A